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Academy

Institution, seminary or society for the purpose of higher learning, training and philosophical development. Led by distinguished authoritative intellectuals united for advancement of the arts, sciences and literature in a specialized field.

Named for legendary hero Akademos. Original exclusive institution of philosophy where Western philosopher Plato and his followers conferred, researched and dialogued beginning in 385 BC. Located at a sacred garden grove of olive trees north of Athens. Closed in AD 529 by Justinian the Great. Remaining members fled with accumulated scrolls of knowledge and were eventually extended protection by Khosrau I in one of the earliest recorded provisions for religious freedom.

Modern academies include research, scientific, artistic, technical, military, sports, theological, management, psychological, personal growth, humanitarian and others.